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Django

Custom User Model(사용자 지정 User Model)

by 자동매매 2023. 5. 3.

0. 준비 작업

1) common app 생성 - 사용자 관리 / 공통요소 작업 위해

 

(noori) c:\projects\noori $ python manage.py startapp common

common 폴더 생성됨 : C:\projects\noori\common

 

2) works app 생성 

    C:\projects\noori\works

 

3) templates 폴더 생성

    C:\projects\noori\templates

    C:\projects\noori\templates\common

 

4) createsuperuser 생성

(noori) c:\projects\noori>python manage.py createsuperuser

 

 

1. settings.py 설정  

 

대상 파일 : config / settings.py

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'common.CustomUser'

auth.User   ->   <app명>.CustomUser 

예) common.CustomUser

 

2. 모델 생성

기존 AbstractUser를 확장하는 CustomUser라고 하는 새 사용자 모델로 업데이트

# 권장은 AbstractBaseUser이나 복잡하여 미채택

 

대상 파일 : common / models.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser 
from django.db import models

# 권장 : AbstractBaseUser
class CustomUser(AbstractUser):
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=254)

 

3. forms for UserCreationForm and UserChangeForm

 

대상 파일 :common / forms.py

from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm, UserChangeForm
from .models import CustomUser


class CustomUserCreationForm(UserCreationForm):
    class Meta(UserCreationForm):
        model = CustomUser
        fields = UserCreationForm.Meta.fields + ('email',)

class CustomUserChangeForm(UserChangeForm):
    class Meta:
        model = CustomUser
        fields = UserChangeForm.Meta.fields

 

4. admin.py

 

대상 파일 : common / admin.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin
from .forms import CustomUserCreationForm, CustomUserChangeForm 
from .models import CustomUser

class CustomUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
    add_form = CustomUserCreationForm
    form = CustomUserChangeForm
    model = CustomUser
    list_display = ['username', 'email', 'is_staff', ] # admin창 표시 내역 지정


admin.site.register(CustomUser, CustomUserAdmin)

 

5. authentication 관련 설정

1) registration 디렉터리 생성 : project/templates/registration

2) settings.py 설정  - templates경로 설정 및 Login, Logout redirect url 설정

TEMPLATES = [
{
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')], 
...
}
]


LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'home'
LOGOUT_REDIRECT_URL = 'home'

 

3) 템플렛 파일 생성

C:\projects\noori\templates\common\base.html

<!-- templates/common/base.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>{% block title %}Work App{% endblock title %}</title>
</head>

<body>
  <main>
    {% block content %}
    {% endblock content %}
  </main>
</body>

</html>

 

C:\projects\noori\templates\common\home.html

<!-- templates/common/home.html -->
{% extends 'common/base.html' %}

{% block title %}Home{% endblock title %}

{% block content %}
  {% if user.is_authenticated %}
    Hi!, {{ user.username }}
    <p><a href="{% url 'logout' %}">Log Out</a></p>
  {% else %}
    <p>You are not logged in</p>
    <a href="{% url 'login' %}">Log In</a> |
    <a href="{% url 'signup' %}">Sign Up</a>
  {% endif %}
{% endblock content %}

 

C:\projects\noori\templates\registration\login.html

<!-- templates/registration/login.html -->
{% extends 'common/base.html' %}

{% block title %}Log In{% endblock title %}

{% block content %}
    <h2>Log In</h2>
    <form method="post">{% csrf_token %}
        {{ form.as_p }}
        <button type="submit">Log In</button>
    </form>
{% endblock content %}

 

C:\projects\noori\templates\registration\signup.html

<!-- templates/registration/signup.html -->
{% extends 'common/base.html' %}

{% block title %}Sign Up{% endblock title %}

{% block content %}
    <h2>Sign Up</h2>
    <form method="post">{% csrf_token %}
        {{ form.as_p }}
        <button type="submit">Sign Up</button>
    </form>
{% endblock content %}

 

6. urls 설정

 

C:\projects\noori\config\urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', include('works.urls')),
    path('', include('common.urls')),
]

 

C:\projects\noori\common\urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from .views import HomePageView, SignUpView


urlpatterns = [
    path('', HomePageView.as_view(), name="home"),
    path('', include('django.contrib.auth.urls')), 
    path('signup/', SignUpView.as_view(), name='signup'),
]

 

7. views 설정

 

C:\projects\noori\common\views.py

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.views.generic import TemplateView, CreateView
from django.urls import reverse_lazy
from .forms import CustomUserCreationForm

class HomePageView(TemplateView): 
    template_name = 'common/home.html'

 
class SignUpView(CreateView):
    form_class = CustomUserCreationForm 
    success_url = reverse_lazy('login') 
    template_name = 'registration/signup.html'

 

8. makemigrations, migrate 실행

(noori) c:\projects\noori>python manage.py makemigrations
(noori) c:\projects\noori>python manage.py migrate

 

저작자표시

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