[PyQt5] Widgets

 

PyQt5 Tutorial - 파이썬으로 만드는 나만의 GUI 프로그램

https://wikidocs.net/book/2165

초보자를 위한 Python GUI 프로그래밍 - PyQt5

https://study-code.gitbook.io/python-basic/

Real Python

https://realpython.com/qt-designer-python/#getting-started-with-qt-designer

사용자 정의 시그널(Custom Signal)과 Emit 사용법
https://ybworld.tistory.com/110

QPushButton

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *

class MyWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        btn1 = QPushButton("닫기", self)
        btn1.move(20, 20)
        btn1.clicked.connect(QCoreApplication.instance().quit)  # 위젯 닫기 = app.quit

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mywindow = MyWindow()
    mywindow.show()
    app.exec_()

QLabel

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *


class MyWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 400, 300, 150)

        textLabel = QLabel("Message: ", self)
        textLabel.move(20, 20)

        self.label = QLabel("", self)
        self.label.move(80, 20)
        self.label.resize(150, 30)

        btn1 = QPushButton("Click", self)
        btn1.move(20, 60)
        btn1.clicked.connect(self.btn1_clicked)

        btn2 = QPushButton("Clear", self)
        btn2.move(140, 60)
        btn2.clicked.connect(self.btn2_clicked)

    def btn1_clicked(self):
        self.label.setText("버튼이 클릭되었습니다.")

    def btn2_clicked(self):
        self.label.clear()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)

    win = MyWindow()
    win.show()

    app.exec_()

QLineEdit 와 QStatusBar

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class MyWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 400, 300, 150)

        label = QLabel("종목코드 : ", self)
        label.move(20, 20)

        # textChanged() : QLineEdit 객체에서 텍스트가 변경될 때 발생
        # returnPressed() : QLineEdit 객체를 통해 사용자가 엔터키를 눌렀을 때        
        self.lineEdit = QLineEdit('',self)
        self.lineEdit.move(80, 20)
        self.lineEdit.textChanged.connect(self.lineEditChanged)

        self.statusBar = QStatusBar(self)
        self.setStatusBar(self.statusBar)  # 상태바 위치 고정

    def lineEditChanged(self):
        self.statusBar.showMessage(self.lineEdit.text())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    win = MyWindow()
    win.show()
    app.exec_()

QRadioButton과 QGroupBox

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class MyWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 400, 300, 300)

        groupBox = QGroupBox("시간 단위",self)
        groupBox.move(10, 10)
        groupBox.resize(280, 80)

        self.radio1 = QRadioButton("일봉", self)
        self.radio1.move(20, 20)
        self.radio1.setChecked(True)
        self.radio1.clicked.connect(self.radioButtonClicked)

        self.radio2 = QRadioButton("주봉", self)
        self.radio2.move(20, 40)
        self.radio2.clicked.connect(self.radioButtonClicked)

        self.radio3 = QRadioButton("월봉", self)
        self.radio3.move(20, 60)
        self.radio3.clicked.connect(self.radioButtonClicked)

        self.statusBar = QStatusBar(self)
        self.setStatusBar(self.statusBar)

    def radioButtonClicked(self):
        msg = ""
        if self.radio1.isChecked():
            msg = "일봉"
        elif self.radio2.isChecked():
            msg = "주봉"
        else:
            msg = "월봉"
        self.statusBar.showMessage(msg + "선택 됨")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    win = MyWindow()
    win.show()
    app.exec_()

QCheckBox

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *


class MyWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 400, 300, 300)

        groupBox = QGroupBox('이동평균선', self)
        groupBox.move(10, 10)
        groupBox.resize(280, 80)

        self.checkBox1 = QCheckBox("5일 이동평균선", self)
        self.checkBox1.move(10, 20)
        self.checkBox1.resize(150, 30)
        self.checkBox1.stateChanged.connect(self.checkBoxState)

        self.checkBox2 = QCheckBox("20일 이동평균선", self)
        self.checkBox2.move(10, 50)
        self.checkBox2.resize(150, 30)
        self.checkBox2.stateChanged.connect(self.checkBoxState)

        self.checkBox3 = QCheckBox("60일 이동평균선", self)
        self.checkBox3.move(10, 80)
        self.checkBox3.resize(150, 30)
        self.checkBox3.stateChanged.connect(self.checkBoxState)

        self.statusBar = QStatusBar(self)
        self.setStatusBar(self.statusBar)

    def checkBoxState(self):
        msg = ""
        if self.checkBox1.isChecked():
            msg += "5일 "
        if self.checkBox2.isChecked():
            msg += "20일 "
        if self.checkBox3.isChecked():
            msg += "60일 "
        self.statusBar.showMessage(msg)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mywindow = MyWindow()
    mywindow.show()
    app.exec_()

QSpinBox

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *


class MyWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 400, 300, 300)

        label = QLabel("매도수량: ", self)
        label.move(10, 20)

        self.spinBox = QSpinBox(self)
        self.spinBox.move(70, 25)
        self.spinBox.resize(80, 22)

        self.spinBox.setValue(10)
        self.spinBox.setSingleStep(10)
        self.spinBox.setMinimum(1)
        self.spinBox.setMaximum(10000)

        self.spinBox.valueChanged.connect(self.spinBoxChanged)

        self.statusBar = QStatusBar(self)
        self.setStatusBar(self.statusBar)

    def spinBoxChanged(self):
        val = self.spinBox.value()
        msg = '%d 주를 매도합니다.' %val
        self.statusBar.showMessage(msg)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mywindow = MyWindow()
    mywindow.show()
    app.exec_()

QTableWidget

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *

kospi_top5 = {
    'code': ['005930', '015760', '005380', '090430', '012330'],
    'name': ['삼성전자', '한국전력', '현대차', '아모레퍼시픽', '현대모비스'],
    'cprice': ['1,269,000', '60,100', '132,000', '414,500', '243,500']
}
column_idx_lookup = {'code': 0, 'name': 1, 'cprice': 2}

class MyWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 200, 300, 300)

        self.tableWidget = QTableWidget(self)
        self.tableWidget.resize(290, 290)
        self.tableWidget.setRowCount(5)
        self.tableWidget.setColumnCount(3)
        self.tableWidget.setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView.NoEditTriggers) # 아이템 항목 수정 불가 설정

        self.setTableWidgetData()

    def setTableWidgetData(self):
        column_headers = ['종목코드', '종목명', '종가']
        self.tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(column_headers)

        for k, v in kospi_top5.items():
            col = column_idx_lookup[k]
            for row, val in enumerate(v):
                item = QTableWidgetItem(val)
                self.tableWidget.setItem(row, col, item)
                if col != 2:
                    item.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignHCenter + Qt.AlignVCenter)  # 우측 정렬, vertical 가운데 정렬
                else:
                    item.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignRight + Qt.AlignVCenter)  # 우측 정렬, vertical 가운데 정렬

        #  행과 열 크기를 각 위치에 저장된 아이템 길이에 맞춰 조정
        self.tableWidget.resizeColumnsToContents()
        self.tableWidget.resizeRowsToContents()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mywindow = MyWindow()
    mywindow.show()
    app.exec_()

Layout

위젯의 크기를 변경 : resize 메서드

위젯의 위치를 설정 : move 메서드

위젯의 출력 크기 , 위치를 설정 : setGeometry 메서드

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class MyWindow(QWidget):   #QWidget을 상속함
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 200, 300, 300)

        self.textEdit = QTextEdit(self)
        self.textEdit.resize(280, 250)
        self.textEdit.move(10, 10)

        self.pushButton= QPushButton('저장', self)
        self.pushButton.resize(280, 25)
        self.pushButton.move(10, 270)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mywindow = MyWindow()
    mywindow.show()
    app.exec_()

 

레이아웃 매니저 : 윈도우의 크기를 자유롭게 변경해도 내부 위젯이 일정한 비율을 가지며 크기가 자동으로 바뀜                                  QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QBoxLayout, QGridLayout, QLayout

                       # 레이아웃 매니저에 추가되는 위젯을 생성할 때는 부모 위젯을 지정할 필요가 없으며,

                          위젯의 크기나 위치를 명시적으로 설정하지 않아야 한다는 점입니다.

[ 작업순서]

1) 추가될 위젯 만들기

2) 레이아웃 매니저 만들기

3) addWidget 메서드를 이용한 위젯 등록

4) 레이아웃 매니저 등록 

 

QVBoxLayout

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class MyWindow(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 200, 300, 300)

        self.textEdit = QTextEdit()
        self.pushButton= QPushButton('저장')

        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self.textEdit)
        layout.addWidget(self.pushButton)

        self.setLayout(layout)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mywindow = MyWindow()
    mywindow.show()
    app.exec_()

 

QHBoxLayout

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class MyWindow(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 200, 300, 100)

        self.pushButton1= QPushButton("Button1")
        self.pushButton2= QPushButton("Button2")
        self.pushButton3= QPushButton("Button3")

        layout = QHBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self.pushButton1)
        layout.addWidget(self.pushButton2)
        layout.addWidget(self.pushButton3)

        self.setLayout(layout)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mywindow = MyWindow()
    mywindow.show()
    app.exec_()

 

QGridLayout

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class MyWindow(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 200, 300, 100)

        self.label1 = QLabel("ID: ")
        self.label2 = QLabel("Password: ")
        self.lineEdit1 = QLineEdit()
        self.lineEdit2 = QLineEdit()
        self.pushButton1= QPushButton("Sign In")

        layout = QGridLayout()

        layout.addWidget(self.label1, 0, 0)
        layout.addWidget(self.lineEdit1, 0, 1)
        layout.addWidget(self.pushButton1, 0, 2)

        layout.addWidget(self.label2, 1, 0)
        layout.addWidget(self.lineEdit2, 1, 1)

        self.setLayout(layout)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mywindow = MyWindow()
    mywindow.show()
    app.exec_()

 

레이아웃 중첩

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class MyWindow(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 200, 500, 300)

        groupBox = QGroupBox("검색옵션")
        checkBox1 = QCheckBox("상한가")
        checkBox2 = QCheckBox("하한가")
        checkBox3 = QCheckBox("시가총액 상위")
        checkBox4 = QCheckBox("시가총액 하위")
        checkBox5 = QCheckBox("회전율 상위")
        checkBox6 = QCheckBox("대량거래상위")
        checkBox7 = QCheckBox("환산주가상위")
        checkBox8 = QCheckBox("외국인한도소진상위")
        checkBox9 = QCheckBox("투자자별순위")

        tableWidget = QTableWidget(10, 5)
        tableWidget.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(["종목코드", "종목명", "현재가", "등락률", "거래량"])
        tableWidget.resizeColumnsToContents()
        tableWidget.resizeRowsToContents()

        leftInnerLayOut = QVBoxLayout()
        leftInnerLayOut.addWidget(checkBox1)
        leftInnerLayOut.addWidget(checkBox2)
        leftInnerLayOut.addWidget(checkBox3)
        leftInnerLayOut.addWidget(checkBox4)
        leftInnerLayOut.addWidget(checkBox5)
        leftInnerLayOut.addWidget(checkBox6)
        leftInnerLayOut.addWidget(checkBox7)
        leftInnerLayOut.addWidget(checkBox8)
        leftInnerLayOut.addWidget(checkBox9)
        groupBox.setLayout(leftInnerLayOut)

        leftLayOut = QVBoxLayout()
        leftLayOut.addWidget(groupBox)

        rightLayOut = QVBoxLayout()
        rightLayOut.addWidget(tableWidget)

        layout = QHBoxLayout()
        layout.addLayout(leftLayOut)
        layout.addLayout(rightLayOut)

        self.setLayout(layout)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    mywindow = MyWindow()
    mywindow.show()
    app.exec_()

다이얼로그

QFileDialog

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class MyWindow(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 200, 300, 300)
        self.setWindowTitle("PyStock v0.1")

        self.pushButton = QPushButton("File Open")
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.pushButtonClicked)
        self.label = QLabel()

        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self.pushButton)
        layout.addWidget(self.label)

        self.setLayout(layout)

    def pushButtonClicked(self):
        fname = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self)
        self.label.setText(fname[0])

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = MyWindow()
    window.show()
    app.exec_()

 

QInputDialog

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class MyWindow(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 200, 300, 300)
        self.setWindowTitle("PyStock v0.1")

        self.pushButton = QPushButton("Input number")
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.pushButtonClicked)
        self.label = QLabel()

        self.pushButton1 = QPushButton("Input number")
        self.pushButton1.clicked.connect(self.pushButtonClicked1)
        self.label1 = QLabel()

        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self.pushButton)
        layout.addWidget(self.pushButton1)
        layout.addWidget(self.label)
        layout.addWidget(self.label1)

        self.setLayout(layout)

    def pushButtonClicked(self):
      # 입력한 값,OK 버튼을 누른 경우에 True 
      # =QInputDialog.getInt(부모 위젯, 제목 텍스트, 창 내부에 출력될 텍스트)
        text, ok = QInputDialog.getInt(self, '매수 수량', '매수 수량을 입력하세요.') #getDouble,getText,getItem
        if ok:
            self.label.setText(str(text))

    def pushButtonClicked1(self):
        items = ("KOSPI", "KOSDAK", "KONEX")
      # 입력한 값,OK 버튼을 누른 경우에 True 
      # =QInputDialog.getItem(부모 위젯, 제목 텍스트, 창 내부에 출력될 텍스트,초기 item index,item 수정가능 여부)
        item, ok = QInputDialog.getItem(self, "시장선택", "시장을 선택하세요.", items, 0, False)
        if ok and item:
            self.label.setText(item)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = MyWindow()
    window.show()
    app.exec_()

 

메인 윈도우와 다이얼로그의 상호 작용

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *

class LogInDialog(QDialog):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

        self.id = None
        self.password = None

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(1100, 200, 300, 100)
        self.setWindowTitle("Sign In")
        # self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('icon.png'))

        label1 = QLabel("ID: ")
        label2 = QLabel("Password: ")

        self.lineEdit1 = QLineEdit()
        self.lineEdit2 = QLineEdit()
        self.pushButton1= QPushButton("Sign In")
        self.pushButton1.clicked.connect(self.pushButtonClicked)

        layout = QGridLayout()
        layout.addWidget(label1, 0, 0)
        layout.addWidget(self.lineEdit1, 0, 1)
        layout.addWidget(self.pushButton1, 0, 2)
        layout.addWidget(label2, 1, 0)
        layout.addWidget(self.lineEdit2, 1, 1)

        self.setLayout(layout)

    def pushButtonClicked(self):
        self.id = self.lineEdit1.text()
        self.password = self.lineEdit2.text()
        self.close()

class MyWindow(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUI()

    def setupUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(800, 200, 300, 300)
        self.setWindowTitle("PyStock v0.1")
        # self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('icon.png'))

        self.pushButton = QPushButton("Sign In")
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.pushButtonClicked)
        self.label = QLabel()

        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self.pushButton)
        layout.addWidget(self.label)

        self.setLayout(layout)

    def pushButtonClicked(self):
        dlg = LogInDialog()
        dlg.exec_()
        id = dlg.id
        password = dlg.password
        self.label.setText("id: %s \npassword: %s" % (id, password))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = MyWindow()
    window.show()
    app.exec_()